Honey Bee Parasites, Pests, Predators and Diseases
Nosema
Nosema disease, is caused by a spore-forming protozoan, Nosema apis, that invades the digestive tracts of honey bee workers, queens, and drones. Nosema spores are ingested with food or water by the adult bee. The spores germinate and multiply within the lining of the bee's midgut. Millions of spores are shed into the digestive tract and are eliminated in the feces.
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